You may want to learn more about the network layers. Is, a socket may be simultaneously used in multiple connections. A pair of sockets uniquely identifies each connection. Concatenated with the networkĪnd host addresses from the internet communication layer, this forms a To allow for many processes within a single Host to use TCPĬommunication facilities simultaneously, the TCP provides a set ofĪddresses or ports within each host. TCP example: RFC 793, TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL Some layer-4 protocols use different addressing, or none at all. IPv4, IPX, and IPv6 each have different addressing.Ī port number is a layer-4 address used by some layer-4 protocols, e.g. Different layer-3 protocols use different addressing, e.g. Some layer-2 protocols use different addressing.Īn IP address is the address of the layer-3 IP protocol. There are 48-bit and 64-bit MAC addresses. It is used by some layer-2 protocols, e.g. Only special companies like Apple QuickTime, MSN, SQL Services, Gopher Services and other prominent services have these port numbers.ġ024 to 49151 - Registered ports meaning they can be registered to specific protocols by software corporations.Ĥ9152 to 65535 - Dynamic or private ports meaning that they can be used by just about anybody.Ī MAC address is a layer-2 address. The IP and the port number form the structure IP:port number, 192.168.1.1:8080 for example, and the port number can hold 65536 numbers, with the following division:Ġ to 1023 - Well known port numbers. The port number is used so the data is directed to the correct location within this device. The IP address is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. Would it be possible just one address, the IP address, to be able to handle all these different assignments and types of protocols alone? The answer is no. Take note of the HTTP Port under General. Now launch Squidman and go to Squidman Preferences at the top of the screen. Take note of the IP Address of your local machine. Now think about how many task/ process/ programs exist within your device trying to communicate over the internet. Hold the Options key and click on the Network icon in the top-right corner of the screen. Think about how many application layer protocols exist ( HTTP, FTP, DNS, SSH, etc).
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